Certified Pediatric Emergency Nurse (CPEN) Practice Exam

When monitoring a pediatric patient's oxygen saturation, which scenario warrants immediate intervention?

1. Oxygen saturation is below 95%

2. Oxygen saturation is at 90%

3. Oxygen saturation is at 100%

4. Oxygen saturation is at 85%

The correct answer is: Oxygen saturation is at 85%

Immediate intervention is warranted when the oxygen saturation is at 85%. This level indicates severe hypoxemia, which can result in inadequate oxygen delivery to the tissues and may lead to critical health complications. Pediatric patients, who often have smaller respiratory reserve and can deteriorate quickly, are especially vulnerable when their oxygen saturation levels drop significantly. Levels below 90% reflect a concerning state that typically requires prompt evaluation, and while 90% is notably low, 85% represents a more urgent need for action. When oxygen saturation falls this low, it is crucial to assess the patient for signs of distress, consider supplemental oxygen or other interventions, and possibly notify a physician or rapid response team, as prolonged low levels can lead to serious consequences, including potential organ damage. Higher levels, such as 95% and 100%, are generally acceptable and do not necessitate immediate intervention under normal circumstances. In pediatric emergencies, maintaining adequate oxygenation is a top priority, and recognizing when levels indicate immediate risk is essential for safe and effective care.