Certified Pediatric Emergency Nurse (CPEN) Practice Exam

What is the most common cause of foreign body obstruction in children under 3 years of age?

1. Food items

2. Toys and small objects

3. Plastic bags

4. Clothing material

The correct answer is: Food items

The most prevalent cause of foreign body obstruction in children under 3 years of age is food items. This age group is particularly susceptible because they are often in the exploratory phase of development, putting things in their mouths as a way to learn about their environment. Certain foods, especially those that are round or hard, such as grapes, hot dogs, and nuts, pose a significant risk. In young children, the anatomical differences such as the smaller diameter of the airway and the fact that they may have not fully developed chewing skills contribute to an increased risk of aspiration or choking on food. Consequently, understanding dietary risks is crucial for caregivers and individuals looking to prevent such emergencies in children. Implementing guidelines for safe food choices and cutting food into appropriate sizes can greatly reduce this risk.