Certified Pediatric Emergency Nurse (CPEN) Practice Exam

What is the first step in airway management for a child in respiratory distress?

1. Postural drainage

2. Assisted ventilation

3. Establishing a patent airway

4. Administration of oral medications

The correct answer is: Establishing a patent airway

Establishing a patent airway is crucial in managing a child in respiratory distress because airway obstruction is a primary concern that can lead to respiratory failure if not promptly addressed. A clear and open airway allows for proper airflow to the lungs, which is essential for effective gas exchange. In pediatric patients, anatomical differences and the potential for rapid deterioration in respiratory status make the immediate establishment of an open airway even more vital. If airflow is compromised, further interventions such as assisted ventilation or medications may be rendered ineffective since the core issue—airway obstruction—remains unaddressed. Therefore, prioritizing the establishment of a patent airway is foundational in effective airway management, ultimately supporting better oxygenation and ventilation before considering additional therapies or interventions.