Certified Pediatric Emergency Nurse (CPEN) Practice Exam 2025 - Free CPEN Practice Questions and Study Guide

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What should be monitored in a child after administration of IV antibiotics?

Signs of an allergic reaction or anaphylaxis.

After the administration of intravenous antibiotics, it is crucial to monitor for signs of an allergic reaction or anaphylaxis. This is particularly important because allergic reactions to antibiotics can occur quickly and may manifest as symptoms ranging from mild rashes to severe anaphylactic reactions, which can be life-threatening. Monitoring for signs such as difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or throat, hives, or a rapid drop in blood pressure is imperative to ensure prompt intervention and treatment if an allergy is identified.

The other aspects of monitoring, such as dehydration, vital signs like heart rate and blood pressure, or temperature, are also important but are not as immediately critical as recognizing an allergic reaction to antibiotics. This reaction can develop rapidly, so ensuring the child is continuously assessed for any signs of hypersensitivity is fundamental in pediatric emergency care.

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Signs of dehydration.

Heart rate and blood pressure only.

Temperature alone.

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